Chapter03-2 문자형

#Chapter03-2
# 파이썬 문자형
# 문자형 중요

#문자열 생성
str1="I am Python"
str2='python'
str3="""how are you?"""
str4='''thank you!'''
print(type(str1),type(str2),type(str3),type(str4))
print(len(str1),len(str2),len(str3),len(str4))

#빈 문자열
str1_t1 = ''
str2_t2 = str()

print(type(str1_t1),len(str1_t1))
print(type(str2_t2),len(str2_t2))

#이스케이프문 문자 사용
#I'm Boy

print("I'm Boy")
print('I\'m Boy')
print('I\\m Boy')

print('a \t b')
print('a \n b')
print('a \"\" b')

escape_str1 = "Do you have a \"retro games\""
print(escape_str1)
escape_str2 = 'what\'s on TV?'
print(escape_str2)

#탭, 줄바꿈
t_s1 = "Click \t Start!"
t_s2 = "New Line \n Check!"
print(t_s1)
print(t_s2)

#Raw String
raw_s1 = r'D:\python\test'
print(raw_s1)

#멀티라인 입력
#역슬래쉬 사용
multi_str = \
'''
String
Multi line
test
'''
print(multi_str)

#문자열 연산
str_o1 = "Python"
str_o2 = "Apple"
str_o3 = "How are you doing"
str_o4 = "Seoul, Daejeon, Busan, Jinju"

print(str_o1 *3)
print(str_o1 + str_o2)
print('y' in str_o1)
print('z' in str_o1)
print('P' not in str_o2)

#문자열 형 변환
print(str(66))
print(str(True))
print(str(10.1))
#문자열 함 (upper, isalnum, startswith, count, endwith, isalpha...)
print("Capitalize: ", str_o1.capitalize()) # 첫글자 대문자로 출력
print("endswith?: ", str_o2.endswith("e")) #마지막 글자 확인
print("replace", str_o1.replace("thon",'Good')) #문자 대체
print("sorted:", sorted(str_o1)) #문자 리스트로 정렬
print("split:", str_o4.split(','))#,기준으로 나눔


#반복 (시퀀스)
im_str="Good Boy!"
print(dir(im_str)) #__iter__

#출력
for i in im_str:
    print(i)

#슬라이싱
str_s1 = "Nice Python"

#슬라이싱 연습
print(str_s1[0:3]) #0 1 2
print(str_s1[5:])
print(str_s1[:len(str_s1)]) #str_s1[:11]
print(str_s1[:len(str_s1)-1]) #str_s1[:10]
print(str_s1[1:9:2]) #1:9 = 범위 2 = 단위
print(str_s1[-5:])
print(str_s1[1:-2])
print(str_s1[::2])
print(str_s1[::-1])

#아스키 코드
a = 'z'

print(ord(a))
print(chr(122))